This antibody BDI813 clone is reactive with lipoteichoic acid (LTA) of many gram positive bacteria. Cross reacts with Listeria monocytogenes (all serotypes), Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecium, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis and group B Streptococcus (weak). Does not react with Clostridium perfringens.
Bacteria cells are classified as Gram-positive if they retain a crystal violet dye during the Gram stain process. Gram-positive bacteria appear blue or violet under a microscope after the stain has been applied, whereas Gram-negative bacterial look red or pink. This difference in color is mainly due to the characteristics of the cell wall. Gram-positive bacteria generally have a thicker layer of peptidoglycan, a polymer consisting of sugars and amino acids that forms a homogeneous layer outside the plasma membrane. Gram-positive bacteria also have two rings supporting any flagellum and teichoic acids in the cell wall that function as as chelating agents and aid in adherence. Major groups of Gram-positive bacteria include the genera Bacillus, Listeria, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Enterococcus and Clostridium, as well as the phylum Actinobacteria. Gram-positive bacteria markers comprise a variety of proteins present on Gram-positive cells, and can aid in the study of function and behavior of this type of bacteria.
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