LAL Chromogenic Endpoint assay

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Cat# HIT302

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LAL Chromogenic Endpoint Assay

Bacterial endotoxin, like lipopolysaccharide (LPS), is a fever-producing by-product of gram-negative bacteria commonly known as pyrogen.

Bacterial endotoxin, like lipopolysaccharide (LPS), is a fever-producing by-product of gram-negative bacteria commonly known as pyrogen.

The principle of the test is based on the fact that bacteria cause intravascular coagulation in the American horseshoe crab, Limulus polyphemus. The agent responsible for the clotting phenomena resided in the crab’s amoebocytes, or circulating blood cells, and that pyrogen (bacterial endotoxin) triggered the turbidity and gel-forming reaction enzymatically. Thus, endotoxin causes an opacity and gelation in Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL), which is based on an enzymatic reaction.

The simplicity and economy of the LAL chromogenic endpoint assay encourages the testing of various biologicals (including sera), devices, (air)filters and tissue culture medium for the presence of harmful levels of endotoxin.

Application

The LAL assays are to be used for the in vitro quantitative determination of various biological fluids (including sera), devices, (air)filters and tissue culture medium.

Principle

The LAL assay is an enzyme-based assay with a working time of 20-45 minutes. The efficient format of 3 plates allows free choice of batch size for the assay. Samples and standards are incubated with LAL reagent. The enzymatic reaction, triggered by endotoxin, will cause a yellow color to develop upon cleavage of the chromophore, p-nitroaniline. The enzymatic reaction is stopped by the addition of acetic acid. The absorbance at 405 nm is measured with a spectrophotometer. A standard curve is obtained by plotting the absorbance (linear) versus the corresponding concentrations of the E. coli standards (log). The endotoxin concentration of samples, which are run concurrently with the standards, can be determined from the standard curve.

Recovery

Recovery is evaluated by interference (inhibition/enhancement) testing through spiking a sample or diluted sample with a known concentration of endotoxin and testing for spike recovery in duplicate following the assay procedure. In general, serum samples contain interfering factors. Therefore, we recommend to perform recovery experiments to confirm the reliability of endotoxin detection in serum. For interference testing select a point at or near the middle of the standard curve. The calculated mean amount of endotoxin in the spiked sample, when referenced to the standard curve, must be within 50-200% to be considered free of inhibition or enhancement. Failure to recover the spike within 50-200% indicates sample interference. Further dilute the sample in endotoxin free water until the spike is recovered consistently by the assay.

Product type

Assays

Amount

3 plates

Standard range

The kit has a measurable concentration range of 0.04 to 10.0 EU/ml

Detection level

The kit has a minimum detection limit of 0.04 EU/ml.

Working volume

50 µl/well

Species

N/A

Storage and stability

Product should be stored at 4 °C. Under recommended storage conditions, product is stable for at least six months.

Precautions

For research use only. Not for use in or on humans or animals or for diagnostics. It is the responsibility of the user to comply with all local/state and Federal rules in the use of this product. Hycult Biotech is not responsible for any patent infringements that might result with the use of or derivation of this product. All materials coming in contact with specimen or test material should be endotoxin-free.

Disease

Infectious diseases

Safety Data Sheet

SDS - HIT302

67 kb

Assay Manual

340 kb

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