Sodium ascorbate, also known as sodium hydrogen ascorbate (NaH2C6O6Na), is a water-soluble ketolactone with two ionizable hydroxyl groups. It is a strong reducing agent and is typically used in a concentration range between 1 and 10 mM.

As a reducing agent, sodium ascorbate can donate electrons to other molecules, thereby undergoing oxidation itself. This property is particularly relevant in the context of its antioxidant function. The ability of sodium ascorbate to donate electrons makes it effective in reducing and neutralizing free radicals, which are highly reactive and can damage cellular components, including lipids, proteins, and DNA.

The redox properties of sodium ascorbate have been extensively studied in the field of biochemistry and medicine. The molecule can undergo reversible redox reactions, transitioning between its reduced form (ascorbate) and oxidized forms (dehydroascorbate). This redox couple is crucial for maintaining the balance of antioxidants in the cell.

Numerous scientific studies have investigated the role of sodium ascorbate as a reducing agent in the context of various health-related conditions. For example, research has explored its potential benefits in reducing oxidative stress, protecting against cardiovascular diseases, and enhancing the immune system.