Clonality:	Monoclonal
Clone ID:	S3MR
Conjugation:	Unconjugated
Isotype:	IgG1k
Formulation:	PBS with 0.01% Thimerosal, 50% Glycerol, pH7.3.
Purification:	Affinity purification
Dilution Range:	WB 1:2000-1:20000 IHC-P 1:50-1:200 IF/ICC 1:50-1:200
Storage Instruction:	Store at-20°C for up to 1 year from the date of receipt, and avoid repeat freeze-thaw cycles.

Gene Symbol:	ACTB
Gene ID:	60
Uniprot ID:	ACTB_HUMAN
Immunogen:	Fusion protein of human Beta-Actin
Immunogen Sequence:	Email for sequence

Post Translational Modifications	ISGylated. Oxidation of Met-44 and Met-47 by MICALs (MICAL1, MICAL2 or MICAL3) to form methionine sulfoxide promotes actin filament depolymerization. MICAL1 and MICAL2 produce the (R)-S-oxide form. The (R)-S-oxide form is reverted by MSRB1 and MSRB2, which promote actin repolymerization. Monomethylation at Lys-84 (K84me1) regulates actin-myosin interaction and actomyosin-dependent processes. Demethylation by ALKBH4 is required for maintaining actomyosin dynamics supporting normal cleavage furrow ingression during cytokinesis and cell migration. Methylated at His-73 by SETD3. Methylation at His-73 is required for smooth muscle contraction of the laboring uterus during delivery. Actin, cytoplasmic 1: N-terminal cleavage of acetylated methionine of immature cytoplasmic actin by ACTMAP. Actin, cytoplasmic 1, N-terminally processed: N-terminal acetylation by NAA80 affects actin filament depolymerization and elongation, including elongation driven by formins. In contrast, filament nucleation by the Arp2/3 complex is not affected. (Microbial infection) Monomeric actin is cross-linked by V.cholerae toxins RtxA and VgrG1 in case of infection: bacterial toxins mediate the cross-link between Lys-50 of one monomer and Glu-270 of another actin monomer, resulting in formation of highly toxic actin oligomers that cause cell rounding. The toxin can be highly efficient at very low concentrations by acting on formin homology family proteins: toxic actin oligomers bind with high affinity to formins and adversely affect both nucleation and elongation abilities of formins, causing their potent inhibition in both profilin-dependent and independent manners.
Function	Actin is a highly conserved protein that polymerizes to produce filaments that form cross-linked networks in the cytoplasm of cells. Actin exists in both monomeric (G-actin) and polymeric (F-actin) forms, both forms playing key functions, such as cell motility and contraction. In addition to their role in the cytoplasmic cytoskeleton, G- and F-actin also localize in the nucleus, and regulate gene transcription and motility and repair of damaged DNA. Part of the ACTR1A/ACTB filament around which the dynactin complex is built. The dynactin multiprotein complex activates the molecular motor dynein for ultra-processive transport along microtubules.
Protein Name	Actin - Cytoplasmic 1 Beta-Actin Cleaved Into - Actin - Cytoplasmic 1 - N-Terminally Processed
Database Links	Reactome: R-HSA-1445148 Reactome: R-HSA-190873 Reactome: R-HSA-196025 Reactome: R-HSA-2029482 Reactome: R-HSA-3214847 Reactome: R-HSA-389957 Reactome: R-HSA-390450 Reactome: R-HSA-3928662 Reactome: R-HSA-3928665 Reactome: R-HSA-418990 Reactome: R-HSA-437239 Reactome: R-HSA-4420097 Reactome: R-HSA-445095 Reactome: R-HSA-446353 Reactome: R-HSA-5250924 Reactome: R-HSA-5626467 Reactome: R-HSA-5663213 Reactome: R-HSA-5663220 Reactome: R-HSA-5674135 Reactome: R-HSA-5689603 Reactome: R-HSA-5696394 Reactome: R-HSA-6802946 Reactome: R-HSA-6802948 Reactome: R-HSA-6802952 Reactome: R-HSA-6802955 Reactome: R-HSA-8856828 Reactome: R-HSA-9035034 Reactome: R-HSA-9649948 Reactome: R-HSA-9656223 Reactome: R-HSA-9662360 Reactome: R-HSA-9662361 Reactome: R-HSA-9664422 Reactome: R-HSA-983231
Cellular Localisation	Cytoplasm Cytoskeleton Nucleus Localized In Cytoplasmic Mrnp Granules Containing Untranslated Mrnas
Alternative Antibody Names	Anti-Actin - Cytoplasmic 1 antibody Anti-Beta-Actin Cleaved Into - Actin - Cytoplasmic 1 - N-Terminally Processed antibody Anti-ACTB antibody

Information sourced from Uniprot.org

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